Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "ACARS" "MDCRS" "AIRCRAFT" "TAMDAR" "AMDAR" "WVSS" received at GSD on 08/24/23


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Chicago/Romeoville, IL
901 PM CDT Wed Aug 23 2023 .UPDATE... Issued at 900 PM CDT Wed Aug 23 2023 Made some minor adjustments to going forecast to increase dew point temps a bit overnight based on current obs trends. As of 830 pm, area ASOS/AWOS sites still reporting dew point temps in the upper 70s to around 80 degrees. Combined with air temps still ranging from the mid-80s outside of the Chicago metro to around 90 within the core of it, heat index values remain in the 100-110 degree range in many spots. An uncomfortable night is in store for those without AC, with those heat indices only gradually easing to the upper 70s (outlying) and 80s (in the core of the metro) by morning. No changes to forecast into tomorrow at this point, with another dangerously hot day expected. Late day frontal passage and possible convection looks to be late enough as to not impact max temps/heat indices, thus current heat headlines appear on track. Air temps tagging 100 somewhere not out of the question with the low level thermal axis more directly over the forecast area. Ratzer && .SHORT TERM... Issued at 301 PM CDT Wed Aug 23 2023 Through Thursday night... Mid-afternoon observational trends and MDW ACARS soundings indicate that dew points are struggling to mix out under a stout subsidence inversion around 3kft, even as SW winds gust up to 30 mph. Dew points as of 2-3pm have decreased by only a degree or two for most locations. With the low-level temperature profile, the dew points generally in the low 80s have maybe shaved a degree off high temps, but still over-performed on heat index values. Most area AWOS/ASOS sites as of 3pm are in the 112-118F range, with a few locations touching 120F. Needless to say, this is on the upper-echelon with the combination of heat and humidity in our region. Little relief is expected tonight, especially given the high dewpoint temps and continued SW flow. Min temps may not fall much lower than the upper 70s inland and the lower 80s in Chicago. Corresponding heat index values in Chicago may also struggle to fall much below 90F. Upstream trajectories for our area on Thursday favor a slightly warmer thermo profile with some potential for slightly more low-level mixing of drier air. Along with the several degree head start on temps Thursday morning compared this morning, the slightly lower dew points may allow for some locations to make a run toward 100F in the afternoon. But as has been the case for the past few days, max temps in far northern/northeast Illinois will be highly dependent on timing of an incoming cold/backdoor front. Most CAMs have been overly zealous with upstream convection over the past 24 hours, so any effective front/outflow in guidance may be a little quick in its arrival. Overall, have opted to keep temps and heat index values roughly the same as previous forecasts, with max heat index values generally 110-115F for the entire area. Forecasting convection over the next 24-36 hours remains a difficult undertaking. As noted before, several CAMs have been far overdone with convection by over-moistening the inversion layer and eroding capping. The downhill effect has allowed for various residual boundaries to focus new convection through the period. Overall, have convection potential fairly minimal through Thursday night outside of a couple points. First, an increasingly sheared subtle wave entering northwest Illinois has largely lost much of the remaining mid-level cloud cover to entrainment. Surface-based convection appears unlikely with the current cap, so have maintained dry conditions through early evening. The next period of concern will be the arrival of the cold front late Thursday afternoon. Mixing ahead of the front may keep ML profiles sufficiently capped to convection, but deep-layer thermal and kinematic profiles support isolated severe convection (primarily damaging wind) along the front late afternoon through the evening. Kluber && .LONG TERM... Issued at 300 PM CDT Wed Aug 23 2023 Friday through Wednesday... Key Forecast Messages: * Cooler Friday but still very warm and humid with a slight chance of showers and thunderstorms in the evening * Comfortable near to below normal temperatures and primarily dry Saturday onward * Dangerous swimming conditions likely at Lake Michigan beaches on Saturday-Saturday night The backdoor cold front passage on Thursday discussed in the short term section above will be the start of a significant pattern change that will result in several days of pleasant and primarily dry conditions through mid next week. Friday will still have very warm 850 mb temperatures peaking in the lower 20s Celsius, while 925 mb temps peak in the mid 20s C. Despite post-frontal northeast winds across the area, the low- level thermal fields will support highs away from the lake in the mid 80s to around 90, warmest in far interior sections of the CWA in northwestern and central Illinois. Highs near the lake will top out in the upper 70s to around 80F. With forecast dew points in the lower to locally mid 70s where forecast highs are around 90F, this yields peak heat indices around 100F, with 90s elsewhere well inland of the lake. So again another very warm and humid day, but not nearly to the extent of today and what we will experience on Thursday. If dew points pool a bit higher across central Illinois, there may be some consideration of a heat advisory (or extending heat warning) for parts of our far southern counties in Illinois, though this isn`t currently the most likely scenario. A secondary cold front associated with a stout mid-level short- wave trough tracking across the northern Great Lakes into Friday evening may be able to touch off a few spotty showers and thunderstorms Friday evening into the early overnight. Main limiting factors will be lacking large scale support and weak lower level convergence and with these, slight chance (20%) PoPs from the NBM appear reasonable. The secondary cold front passage will set the stage for persistent brisk northerly winds down the length of Lake Michigan during the day Saturday into Saturday evening, with building waves likely to produce strong currents. As things stand, we`ll likely need a Beach Hazards Statement for beaches along the entire Illinois and Indiana shoreline. Aside from this concern, Saturday will be much more comfortable, with highs in the upper 70s to lower 80s (locally mid 80s well south) away from the lake and mid 70s lakeside. Sunday will have temperatures and dew points a few degrees lower than Saturday, so even more comfortable than Saturday and a far cry from Wednesday-Thursday this week. Should see a modest warm-up to start the work week (lower 80s away from the lake) as winds briefly turn westerly inland. Another backdoor cold front will move across the area later Monday, which due to minimal instability and lacking moisture, may at most touch off a few spotter showers. An instability starved short-wave may then touch off a few spotty showers on Tuesday, though any spotter showers will likely be the exception to the primarily dry rule that will persist to or even beyond the current day 7 (Wednesday 8/30). Forecast highs are in the 70s area-wide for Tuesday and Wednesday. Castro && .AVIATION... For the 00Z TAFs... Aviation Forecast Concerns: * Breezy west-southwest winds continue Thursday, prior to a cold front which will shift winds northeast by early evening. * Low, but non-zero chance of thunderstorms late Thursday afternoon/early evening with the cold front. If storms were to form, they could be strong to severe. Early evening surface map depicts a nearly stationary frontal boundary from southern MN east across central WI and central lower MI. South of this front, breezy west-southwest surface winds were in place within an impressively hot/humid air mass across the forecast area. Winds continue to gust 20-25 kts especially across our warmer Chicago metro terminals, though these gusts should ease and become more sporadic with time through sunset. Similar conditions are expected on Thursday, with winds again becoming gusty as the boundary layer deepens after sunrise. The main TAF impacts will be focused on the front to our north, which is forecast to push into the area late in the day Thursday as a cold front. Current high-res model guidance indicates fropa across the ORD/MDW terminals in the 00-01Z time frame with a corresponding shift to north-northeast winds. A couple of high- res CAMs do indicate the potential for isolated to scattered thunderstorm development along the front over southern Lake Michigan and parts of the Chicago metro along the front early Thursday evening. Boundary layer mixing ahead of the front may lower dew points enough to maintain a cap for near-surface based updrafts, though is storms were to develop they could be strong to severe. At this point probability is in the 15-20% range, below TAF mention, but is something to keep an eye on Thursday for the possibility of TSRA in the Chicago terminal area early Thursday evening. Ratzer && .LOT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IL...Excessive Heat Warning...ILZ003-ILZ004-ILZ005-ILZ006-ILZ008- ILZ010-ILZ011-ILZ012-ILZ013-ILZ019-ILZ020-ILZ021-ILZ023- ILZ032-ILZ033-ILZ039-ILZ103-ILZ104-ILZ105-ILZ106-ILZ107- ILZ108 until 8 PM Thursday. IN...Excessive Heat Warning...INZ001-INZ002-INZ010-INZ011-INZ019 until 8 PM Thursday. LM...None. && $$ Visit us at weather.gov/chicago Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube at: www.facebook.com/NWSChicago www.twitter.com/NWSChicago www.youtube.com/NWSChicago