Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "ACARS" "MDCRS" "AIRCRAFT" "TAMDAR" "AMDAR" "WVSS" received at GSD on 08/09/23


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO
735 PM MDT Tue Aug 8 2023 .UPDATE... Issued at 716 PM MDT Tue Aug 8 2023 Severe thunderstorms have focused over the eastern plains this afternoon and evening where abundant instability and bulk shear have resulted in large hail up to 3" in diameter and even a couple of tornados. ACARS soundings and SPC mesoanalysis indicates a notable area of CIN over the urban corridor has been quite persistent this afternoon, and prevented convective development almost entirely. With some drier surface air filtering in as well, opted to cancel the Severe Thunderstorm Watch at 7 pm for the western counties that were in the watch. Still looks on track for the eastern plains where a few more severe thunderstorms will be possible through this evening as the shortwave axis moves overhead. Otherwise, limited forecast changes this evening. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Wednesday) Issued at 300 PM MDT Tue Aug 8 2023 Key Messages: 1) Severe storms possible into the late evening hours 2) Destructive hail, high winds, and even a tornado or two 3) Still considerable uncertainty as to evolution/initiation of storms. Current satellite imagery shows the significant and atypically strong shortwave trough moving east/southeast through southwest Wyoming as of mid afternoon. This feature will continue on this track taking essentially across southern Wyoming overnight. At the surface, low pressure was developing in southeast Colorado, while a cold front was pushing southeast east across southeast Wyoming and northwest Colorado. There was a considerable cirrus shield ahead of the shortwave, which is affecting destabilization and convective development. That said, it now looks like we are seeing enough destabilization to get a few storms going even through the cirrus shield in spots. SPC surface analysis shows impressive MLCAPE of 2000-2500+ J/kg across all of the northeast plains of Colorado, with amounts dropping off closer to 500-1000 J/kg over the I-25 Corridor. ACARS soundings show weak CIN left along the Front Range. Despite the near erosion of CIN, there are still some uncertainties with regard to development and extent of severe convection due to the cirrus shield. It was clearly evident in visible satellite imagery how the cirrus shield is affecting cumuliform structure this afternoon. That said, it now looks like we are seeing enough breaks to allow the threat of severe storms to come to fruition. There could still be two rounds of strong/severe convection - one starting late this afternoon, and then another that develops as the cold front, outflow boundaries, and upper level support/cold pool aloft arrives. A 80+ knot jet is advertised to link up just to our south by 03Z, putting northeast Colorado in the left exit region of the upper level jet. This would weaken the cap and support more numerous thunderstorm development, but there`s still a fair amount of uncertainty of intensity due to the conditional nature of available instability. And that would be based on how much if any CAPE would be used up by the first round (if it fully develops)! In summary, all ingredients are there for severe convection and potential for destructive hail, high winds, and even a couple tornadoes over the northeast plains. The highest threat area will be roughly along/east of a line from Kimball, Nebraska to Fort Morgan and Limon. There is a much lower, but non-zero threat of less severity of storms farther west toward the I-25 Corridor. Meanwhile, mountain areas will see scattered less intense showers and a few storms through the midnight hour. Finally, the second batch of storms could produce locally heavy rain and some flooding concerns due to training over the far east central plains late this evening. The storms will linger into the late night hours tonight thanks to the upper level support and trough passage. By daybreak, the lingering showers and storms will be pushing east into Nebraska and Kansas, with mostly sunny skies dominating the forecast area Wednesday. There is some cold advection occurring tonight, so tomorrow`s highs will be several degrees below normal (lower to mid 80s over the plains). No showers or storms are expected as a subsident and capped airmass will dominate. .LONG TERM...(Wednesday night through Tuesday) Issued at 300 PM MDT Tue Aug 8 2023 Wednesday night will see the continuation of our one dry day/night across Northern Colorado under a subsident and dry westerly flow aloft. Thursday will see a continuation of the westerly flow aloft but some slight increase in moisture seeping in from the southwest. This may result in some increase in high based showers/storms in the mountains but doubt there is much development across lower elevations with very little instability and dry low levels. Temperatures will also be warmer as thermal ridge rebuilds over Colorado with 700mb temperatures back up around +16c. From Friday and especially this weekend expect a slow increase in monsoonal moisture from the desert southwest given an upper low over California and high pressure ridge over Texas. The combination of these features will stream deeper moisture back into Colorado this weekend as precipitable water values closing in towards an inch by late Saturday evening and Sunday. Forecast soundings showing only marginal MLCAPE with mid level flow decreasing. This will bring more of a flash flood threat and lesser severe weather threat with these factors through early next week. Temperatures will be back to near normal through the period. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Wednesday evening) Issued at 528 PM MDT Tue Aug 8 2023 Becoming increasingly confident in thunderstorm activity remain east of the I-25 corridor and KDEN this afternoon and evening. Cannot completely rule out a brief shower, primarily in the 03-06Z timeframe, but the potential for strong thunderstorms is diminishing. A surface boundary will move through the Denver area in the next 1-2 hours and sustain northerly winds through the evening, before a return to lighter drainage flow overnight. Tomorrow, expect VFR conditions through the day with no thunderstorm activity expected. Winds will follow typical diurnal patterns with a NE component in the afternoon and drainage in the evening/overnight. && .HYDROLOGY... Issued at 300 PM MDT Tue Aug 8 2023 There is some risk of flash flooding over the northeast and east central plains of Colorado, due to storm intensity and potential training of storms. There will be upward forcing for greater storm coverage, and given high precipitable water values and significant low level moisture (dewpoints in the lower 60s), stronger storms will be producing heavy rain. Most storms will produce 1-2 inches of rain in an hour, while training storms could dump as much as 3-4 inches and produce local flooding issues. For the burn areas, the flash flood threat is limited (but non- zero) due to faster storm motion. Wednesday will be dry so there is no threat of flooding. Some mid level moisture will arrive Thursday and Friday which will create isolated storms. These storms will not be particularly strong nor will they have ample moisture so the burn area flash flood threat will be limited. Above normal monsoonal moisture will arrive this weekend and into Monday. Coverage and strength of storms will increase and they will be slow-moving so these days may end up seeing a burn area flash flood threat closer to elevated. && .BOU WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ UPDATE...Rodriguez SHORT TERM...Barjenbruch LONG TERM...Entrekin AVIATION...Rodriguez HYDROLOGY...Barjenbruch
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Phoenix AZ
405 PM MST Tue Aug 8 2023 .UPDATE... Updated Aviation && .SYNOPSIS... Monsoonal moisture will lead to continued rain chances of 10 to 30 percent on the lower deserts and 30 to 50 percent over the higher terrain through Thursday. A gradual decline will take place from west to east beginning Friday with storm chances limited to south- central Arizona. Anticipate high temperatures to be lower than they have been in several weeks but still near, to slightly above, normal. A warming trend is anticipated for early next week with highs climbing above 110 at most lower desert locations by next Tuesday. && .DISCUSSION... Deep southwesterly flow remains in place which is aiding coherent storm movement to the northeast. The development areas have been over higher terrain locales of the eastern third of AZ plus Pima County west of Tucson. With the storm movement to the northeast, it will be hard to get storms to advect to our forecast area. However, outflow from Pima County storms could aid propagation to the north. Latest aircraft soundings indicate there isn`t a lot of CIN over the Phoenix area. We may wind up having something of a repeat of last night/this morning with a passing disturbance tapping into the convective potential. This time, the models are picking up on a weak short wave emanating from the upper trough where the remnant circulation of former TS Eugene is. There is also a moisture convergence boundary over the Mohave Desert that is over/near our CWA border with VEF CWA. That boundary is anticipated to nudge further north and may be another aid to convection. Most of the deterministic CAMs are depicting relatively weak echoes/showers late tonight - mainly over VEF and FGZ CWAs. The HRRR has had run- to-run variations in showing very isolated storms over La Paz County with better coverage just north. The NBM PoPs once again has a late night/morning peak over the whole forecast area (except for portions of Gila County which peak this afternoon/eve). That being said, the numbers aren`t overwhelmingly high but definitely higher than seasonal climatology. Though not convection related, model data shows strong winds for late afternoon and tonight over western portions of Imperial County extending into the Imperial Valley. Thus, a Wind Advisory was issued. The convective outlook for later Wednesday has a lot of uncertainty. The moisture availability will be relatively good. But, being on the back side of the disturbance, there may be some subsidence to hinder things. Also, where/if there is prior precip, that will hinder destabilization as well. But, if the preceding wave isn`t much, then potential will be better. Global models are depicting a gradual downtrend in moisture availability beginning Thursday but not a dramatic drop off. The NBM PoPs reflect this with an eastward retreat - most noticeable on Friday - but lingering over south- central AZ through next Tuesday. Temperatures are expected to be within a few degrees of normal for the next several days thanks to the influence of troughing and eastward retreat of the strongest high pressure. But, that still means moderate HeatRisk as opposed to no issues at all. Early next week, the ridge slowly expands westward again leading to an uptrend in temperatures - potentially back to excessive thresholds by next Tuesday. Of note, the NBM deterministic value for next Tuesday is at the 75th percentile. && .AVIATION...Updated at 2305Z. South-Central Arizona including KPHX, KIWA, KSDL, and KDVT: No major weather impacts are expected though Wednesday afternoon under occasional mid/high cloud decks. Confidence is only moderate with respect to timing overnight wind shifts as most evidence shows a somewhat earlier shift to easterly versus the past several days. Chances for outflows and any storm development affecting terminals are too low to mention in this TAF package. Otherwise, west winds with a few higher gusts should be common again Wednesday afternoon. Southeast California/Southwest Arizona including KIPL and KBLH: Gusty winds, particularly at KIPL will be the greatest weather issue under periods of mid/high cloud decks. Winds will tend to stay westerly at KIPL through Wednesday afternoon with gusts ~30kt common this evening resulting in some lofted dust. Directions at KBLH will vary more between SE and SW with gusts more muted 20-25kt. && .FIRE WEATHER... Monsoonal moisture will linger through Thursday for ongoing, though modest, potential for thunderstorms at any given location. High temperatures will be at, or a few degrees above, normal. MinRH values will be in the 20-30% range and MaxRH values in the 40-60% range most places. Eastern Riverside County will see the most significant increases in humidity. Late in the week and over the weekend, anticipate a gradual decline of humidity as well as storm chances. Temperatures trend upward early next week to well above normal. Apart from thunderstorms, winds will favor familiar warm season patterns - except over Imperial County with late afternoon and nighttime windiness from the west today and Wednesday. && .PSR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AZ...None. CA...Wind Advisory from 5 PM this afternoon to 8 AM PDT Wednesday for CAZ562. Wind Advisory from 5 PM this afternoon to 2 AM PDT Wednesday for CAZ563-566-567. && $$ DISCUSSION...AJ AVIATION...18 FIRE WEATHER...AJ