Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "ACARS" "MDCRS" "AIRCRAFT" "TAMDAR" "AMDAR" "WVSS" received at GSD on 05/01/23


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Detroit/Pontiac MI
1201 AM EDT Mon May 1 2023 .AVIATION... Diabatic heating and colder air aloft will sustain scattered rain showers the first hour or two of the taf period. Center of upper level close low system will then push into the area after 06Z tonight. Modest signal that plume of better thetae advection will impact southern sections of the forecast area through daybreak. Kept a prevailing rain shower group but confidence is low. Dry slotting is expected to keep much of the area precipitation free for a good part of the day on Monday. Moisture advection will then increase substantially after 21Z. Did include rain as a precipitation type at onset, but expecting wet snowflakes to become the predominate precipitation type by 02Z Tuesday. Northwest winds are expected to increase markedly 20 to 30 knots with colder air moving in Monday evening. DTW THRESHOLD PROBABILITIES... * High for cigs aob 5000 feet overnight. && .PREV DISCUSSION... Issued at 346 PM EDT Sun Apr 30 2023 DISCUSSION... Cold-core low exhibiting deep-layer vertical continuity continues to churn overhead today providing additional opportunities for showers/thunderstorms through this evening. General tropospheric tendency for ascent improves as the next filament of CVA lifts into Southeast Michigan this afternoon in conjunction with steep low- level lapse rates (approaching dry adiabatic). Relative dryness in the boundary-layer marked by surface dewpoint depressions around 15F limits instability and potential for more robust updrafts, but UVVs should be capable of isolated downpours with some small hail at times as freezing levels hover near 4 kft AGL. CAMs continue to illustrate a scattered/pulsey mode with low confidence for strong or overachieving cells attributed to capping issues near 700 mb as currently evidenced by ACARS and (some) forecast soundings. Should the stable layer hold, low equilibrium levels would keep convection rather shallow in depth and limit the distribution and frequency of lightning. No real wind concerns today given the relative lack of effective shear today (less than 25 knots) as stronger flow remains off toward the west. Final reduction in heights arrives tonight as the system centers over southern Lower Michigan with several weak shortwave features embedded within the lower portion of the column. This should touch off a few clusters of widely scattered nocturnal showers. Reconfiguration of the occluded low ensues Monday as a southern stream speed max lifting up the Mid-Atlantic coast gets absorbed into the parent wave producing an increase in wavelength. This disrupts the flow structure and shifts the vertical axis abruptly eastward followed by a notable uptick in PWATs as return flow arcs into the Midwest off the western Atlantic. Some nuisance showers are possible midday Monday, especially for Metro Detroit, as the cold pool aloft (minus 13C at 700 mb) traverses the CWA, enroute for the eastern Great Lakes. High temperatures are not expected to break 50F, and thermodynamic profiles appear quite favorable for graupel should showers materialize. Stratiform precip chances ramp-up Monday evening and overnight as low-level convergence increases within the broader cyclonic environment. Clear shift in the NWP space indicative of cold/saturated profiles and favorable ascent through the DGZ warrant increased wording for snowfall, especially west of I- 75 where freezing levels will be just a few hundred feet of the surface. Accumulations are not particularly impressive give 2m temps above freezing suggesting melting snowfall. In additional to the below normal temperatures, LLJ bleeds into the southwest portion of the region with 30-40 knot winds in the lowest 2 kft AGL which should have no trouble translating into gusts given mixed-layer support by persistent cold advection. Dreary conditions continue Tuesday with renewed shower production under the lingering influence of the PV anomaly. Morning shower activity carries extended potential for snow component until slight recovery in 0C heights midday. Ensembles offer varying narratives on the rate of thermal recovery mid-late week, dependent on how far east flattening central CONUS ridging can overcome the retrograding/orphaned upper low that emerges over west-central Ontario. As of now, core of the thermal ridge will remain west of the Upper Mississippi through the workweek yielding higher confidence in sustained below normal temperatures trends. MARINE... A broad upper-level trough will continue to meander over the central Great Lakes into Monday with continued unsettled conditions with periodic showers. Light southerly to variable flow will trend more southwesterly into tonight and become moderate in strength Monday as another area of low pressure off the eastern seaboard lifts northwestward Monday while getting absorbed into the broader scale upper-level trough. This low pressure will deepen to around 980 hPa north of Lake Huron Monday along with an increase in initially southwesterly winds. Winds will then veer northwesterly Monday night with the passage of the upper-level trough axis, with hazardous small craft conditions beginning Monday afternoon across western Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair amidst a tightening pressure gradient with the strong low pressure north of Lake Huron. Small craft conditions will be delayed until the arrival of northwest flow Monday night across Saginaw Bay and around the tip of the Thumb in northwesterly flow as colder air is ushered into the region. Marine conditions will improve by midweek as the upper-level trough and surface low pressure finally begin to release and weaken to the east with gradually building high pressure and drying conditions. && .DTX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MI...None. Lake Huron...Small Craft Advisory from 8 PM this evening to 4 PM EDT Tuesday for LHZ421-422-441. Lake St Clair...Small Craft Advisory from 10 AM this morning to 4 PM EDT Tuesday for LCZ460. Michigan waters of Lake Erie...Small Craft Advisory from 10 AM this morning to 4 PM EDT Tuesday for LEZ444. && $$ AVIATION.....MR DISCUSSION...KGK MARINE.......IRL You can obtain your latest National Weather Service forecasts online at www.weather.gov/detroit.
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Los Angeles/Oxnard CA
901 PM PDT Sun Apr 30 2023 .SYNOPSIS...30/835 PM. A late season storm will affect the area through Thursday or Friday, with rapid cooling and increasing clouds. Monday into Tuesday will bring areas of drizzle to the area, with periods of light to moderate rain and possible thunderstorms forming late Tuesday through Wednesday or Thursday. Drier conditions with some warming expected for the end of the week. && .SHORT TERM (SUN-WED)...30/838 PM. An upper level low pressure system centered off the northern California coast and associated trough will deepen across the state overnight into Monday, leading to substantial height falls across the region. This upper low will move southward over the next three days, taking up residence southwest of Point Conception Wednesday afternoon. Both the deterministic and ensembles are in good agreement, leading to higher confidence in the forecast. This upper level trough combined with strong onshore flow (LAC- Daggett pressure gradient peaking at +8.4 mb this afternoon) has resulted in a deepening of the marine layer as well as a cooling trend. Current satellite imagery already showing low clouds surging quickly into the valleys this evening, with ACARS data showing a marine layer depth around 2500 feet across the LA Basin. The marine layer will continue to deepen rapidly overnight, eventually reaching around 5000 feet on Monday. As a result, low clouds will surge well inland into the lower coastal slopes tonight into Monday. With the rapid deepening, there will be some drizzle/light rain developing tonight and continuing through Monday, especially across Ventura and LA counties. So, chance POPs with patchy drizzle continue in the forecast. Along with the cloudy and damp conditions, gusty winds will continue through Monday evening. Currently, WIND ADVISORIES are in effect tonight for the Antelope Valley foothills as well as southwestern Santa Barbara county. These advisories will likely need to be extended/reissued for the same areas Monday afternoon and evening. *** From previous discussion *** For Monday night through Wednesday, rain chances will be increasing as the upper low moves towards the area. Based on confidence in model solutions, have bumped up POPs noticeably above current NBM numbers for this time period. Through Wednesday evening, rainfall totals are expected to generally range between 0.10 and 0.50 inches and some minor nuisance flooding issues will be likely. Given the unstable air associated with the upper low, the threat of thunderstorms remains in the forecast for San Luis Obispo county (Tuesday/Wednesday) and Santa Barbara county (Wednesday). Snow levels will be dropping to the 4500-5500 foot range, so there will be some accumulating snowfall across the mountains. Overall, do not anticipate any significant hydrologic issues, just some nuisance urban flooding and some possible travel issues across the mountains. .LONG TERM (THU-SUN)...30/157 PM. For the extended forecast, models continue to exhibit good synoptic agreement. The upper low moves across the area then northeastward on Thursday. main focus will be the continued impacts of the upper low on Thursday. Broad cyclonic flow will prevail on Friday, followed by some transient ridging on Saturday then cyclonic developing again on Sunday. Forecast-wise, main concern will be the impacts of the upper low on Thursday. The low will continue to generate precipitation across the area through Thursday afternoon. When all is said and done, rainfall totals will generally range between 0.33 and 0.66 inches with local amounts around 1.00 inch over the foothills. Snowfall totals in the mountains will generally range between 4 and 8 inches with locally higher amounts above the resort level. For Friday, the persistent cyclonic flow will keep things on the cool side. At this time, the forecast is dry, but it would not be surprising to see some isolated showers during the day on Friday. For Saturday and Sunday, dry conditions will prevail. With higher thicknesses and more sunshine, temperatures will rebound with inland areas climbing into the lower to mid 70s. && .AVIATION...30/2350Z. At 23Z over KLAX, the marine layer was 2200 feet. The top of the inversion was 3200 feet with a temperature of 20 Celsius. High confidence in improved flight categories over the next 24 hours, compared to the previous 24 hours. Ceilings should expand rapidly this evening and lower a few hundred feet, before steadily deepening after 06-10Z. The most deepening will be over the Los Angeles and Ventura County airports, where moderately confident there will be periods with -DZ or -SHRA but low confidence on timing and duration. Moderate confidence on timing of ceiling changes (plus or minus 3 hours). KLAX...Moderate confidence in ceiling heights and timing (plus or minus 3 hours). Low confidence on timing and duration of any -DZ or -SHRA. Moderate confidence in southeast winds prevalent 12-20Z Monday, with a 20 percent chance of a few hours of east wind component over 8 knots (highest chances 12-16Z). KBUR...Moderate confidence in ceiling heights and timing (plus or minus 3 hours). Low confidence on timing and duration of any -DZ or -SHRA. && .MARINE...30/900 PM. Moderate confidence in Gales continuing across the Outer Waters tonight, likely falling off to Small Craft Advisory (SCA) levels late tonight or early Monday morning. SCA conds will likely (50-70% chance) become more widespread across the Inner Waters south of Point Conception Monday afternoon to evening. Gusty southerly winds may approach SCA levels ahead of a late Wednesday into Thursday storm system. There is a slight chance of tstorms over the northern waters Tuesday and all waters Wednesday and Thursday. && .LOX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CA...Wind Advisory in effect until 3 AM PDT Monday for zones 349-351. (See LAXNPWLOX). Wind Advisory in effect until 10 PM PDT this evening for zones 381-382. (See LAXNPWLOX). PZ...Small Craft Advisory in effect until 3 AM PDT Monday for zones 645-650. (See LAXMWWLOX). Gale Warning in effect until 3 AM PDT Monday for zone 676. (See LAXMWWLOX). && $$ PUBLIC...Gomberg/Thompson AVIATION...Kittell MARINE...Gomberg/Munroe SYNOPSIS...RK weather.gov/losangeles Experimental Graphical Hazardous Weather Outlook at: https://www.weather.gov/erh/ghwo?wfo=lox