Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "ACARS" "MDCRS" "AIRCRAFT" "TAMDAR" "AMDAR" "WVSS" received at GSD on 11/28/22


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Indianapolis IN
932 PM EST Sun Nov 27 2022 .Forecast Update... Issued at 932 PM EST Sun Nov 27 2022 Current surface analysis reveals low clouds across the state in the wake of an area of low pressure pulling off to the northeast. 02Z IND ACARS soundings shows saturation in the lower levels with dry air beginning to advect in above 700mb. Despite some holes in the low stratus, most areas will remain socked in with clouds and patchy drizzle through Monday morning. An approaching upper ridge and surface high should work to lock in moisture near the surface as a low level inversion sets up overnight. A weak upper wave passing by overnight may have enough lift/energy with it to wring out left over moisture resulting in scattered areas of drizzle among the low clouds. Therefore added drizzle wording to the overnight and early morning forecast for all of Central Indiana. Low clouds are expected to stick around through the morning hours Monday then gradually lift and begin to break up during the afternoon. Low sun angle this time of year may take a longer time heating the boundary layer, leading to moisture staying trapped under the inversion longer. Due to the increase in clouds, lowered max temperatures tomorrow toward NBM 25th percentile for highs. && .Short Term...(This evening through Monday) Issued at 300 PM EST Sun Nov 27 2022 * Damp...Raw and Windy Finish to the Holiday Weekend * Cloudy and Dry for Monday Low pressure has now tracked into north central Indiana with colder air beginning to spill into the Wabash Valley as winds veer to the northwest. Highs have been reached across the entire area already...with temperatures falling back into the 40s for the rest of the day. Initial focus will be on an increasingly raw and chilly airmass as scattered light showers and pockets of drizzle through the rest of the afternoon as the surface wave shifts northeast away from the region. In the wake of this system...quasi-zonal flow aloft and a weak surface ridge will become the primary features influencing weather across the Ohio Valley for Monday. For the rest of the afternoon...expect periodic drizzle and scattered light rain showers as the bulk of the deeper forcing associated with the surface low pulls away from the region. Cold advection will become increasingly prevalent as low level flow veers to northwest across the forecast area through early evening. Gusty winds will remain an issue over the next several hours as well with the cold advection and steep low level lapse rates present. But the core of the low level jet which had aided in the stronger winds earlier is in the process of moving out of the forecast area and into Ohio. This should keep gusts lower than what we experienced in many parts of the forecast area this morning. Expect peak gusts of 30-35mph to largely be the norm into the early evening before slowly dropping off as the surface pressure gradient relaxes. Most of the precipitation should be out of the forecast area by 00Z but cannot rule out a few lingering light showers across the northeast extending out through much of the evening. While some scattering of the lower stratus may swing across the lower Wabash Valley this evening...expect clouds to remain over much of the forecast area through the night as the low level inversion establishes. The presence of the low clouds should also limit fog overnight. The inversion will remain on Monday and with low level winds weakening as the surface ridge axis drifts across the area...potential is there for the stratus to have a lot of difficulty in mixing out most if not all day. There are hints that the arrival of ridging aloft late day may be enough to scatter the low clouds over western counties but in general...expect mainly cloudy skies to be the rule on Monday for most of the forecast area. Temps...temperatures will drop back into the 35 to 40 range across the region tonight as cold advection persists. Temperature recovery will be limited by the clouds Monday with low level thermals supportive of mid to upper 40s for most. && .Long Term...(Monday night through Sunday) Issued at 305 PM EST Sun Nov 27 2022 * Marginally strong/severe winds possible Tuesday night in thunderstorms mainly south/west of Terre Haute/Bloomington * Otherwise strong gusts to 30-40 MPH expected Tuesday Afternoon thru late Wednesday Monday Night through Wednesday... The long term will start amid the, albeit brief, return to dry conditions as rather weak high pressure settles over the eastern CONUS as the next storm system strengthens near Colorado. The resultant surface gradient and southerly winds will increase during the day Tuesday as the surface low ejects to near the Quad Cities area. Winds will gust as high as 30-40 MPH through the PM hours as rain chances increase ahead of the system`s approaching cold front. A solid fetch of Gulf moisture will boost precipitable water values over 1.00 inch for about 12-hr near the overnight hours...when high- POPs with isolated to scattered thunder are expected to cross essentially all counties. Precipitation chances will return for an approximately 24-hour period centered around Tuesday night. Most recent guidance is showing the supporting upper wave trending slightly more intense...with, despite near-zero surface-based instability, a threat of elevated convection, mainly from Terre Haute to Bloomington and especially points south. Damaging winds would be the main threat, although details surrounding this nocturnal concern will be refined in future updates. Rainfall potential will be equal to or less than this weekend`s recent rainmaker, with a general 0.25-0.75 inch prediction. A brief burst of snow is possible as precipitation ends from west to east Wednesday, and noticeably colder air arrives from the west, although the vast majority of measurable precipitation is expected to fall prior to any mixed precipitation or changeover. Little to no impacts are expected from such snow showers with antecedent warm ground and air temperatures in the mid to upper 30s or higher as precipitation tapers off. Wednesday`s high temperatures mainly in the 40s will be early in the morning before cold advection takes over during the day. The system`s southern, potent vort max will sprint across the region during the afternoon, holding westerly winds gusting to 25-35 MPH...with wind chills dropping to near 20F by sundown. Wednesday night through Sunday... The rather potent upper trough supporting the departing mid-week system will cross the region quickly around the Wednesday evening timeframe. In its wake strong polar surface high pressure will build in from the central Plains on robust westerly breezes... likely bringing the region`s coldest night in 10 days, With a few northwest counties possibly dropping into the upper teens. Below normal temperatures will continue Thursday amid dry conditions with coldest spot only rebounding to around 32F...before the progressive pattern backs diminishing winds to the south as the amplified surface ridge advances east of the region. The remainder of the week will feature steadier, often dry conditions under an upper-level zonal pattern. The broad dome of high pressure will slide off the Mid-Atlantic coast while extending its axis back to the Gulf coast, blocking any significant moisture despite several days of south-southwesterly return flow. Meanwhile a strengthening baroclinic system will eject from Kansas to Ontario, and drag it`s rather unsupported cold front towards and across Indiana to end the week. Modest increases in precipitable water and at best weak forcing will promote isolated rain showers through the weekend and perhaps a few wet nocturnal snow showers. Temperatures will remain slightly above normal under the zonal pattern. The normal max/min at Indianapolis through the long term is 45/30. && .Aviation...(00Z TAF Issuance) Issued at 636 PM EST Sun Nov 27 2022 Impacts: * IFR to MVFR ceilings to persist through Monday morning * NW winds diminishing to around 10 kts this evening * Patchy fog possible around sunrise at KHUF and KBMG Discussion: Low pressure has moved off to the northeast with lingering moisture and clouds remaining across Indiana. Current observations show ceilings hovering between IFR and MVFR levels across the region. These conditions are expected to persist through the overnight hours and into Monday morning as high pressure moving in works to trap moisture and low clouds near the surface. Expect a gradual improvement of ceilings from MVFR to VFR late morning into early afternoon Monday. Fog is a possibility toward sunrise, especially if any location clears out briefly; however confidence is low in widespread fog developing. KHUF and KBMG have the highest chances at seeing any fog and visibility reductions overnight. Higher confidence exists however in low stratus persisting at TAF sites through the morning hours. Winds have turned westerly to northwesterly across all TAF sites this evening and have already began a diminishing trend. Winds will hover around 10 kts over the next few hours before dropping off even further towards sunrise. With high pressure approaching, would not be surprised to if KHUF and KBMG went almost calm by sunrise. Winds will turn southerly by Monday afternoon at all TAF sites as high pressure slides east of the region. && .IND WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ Update...CM Short Term...Ryan Long Term...AGM Aviation...CM