Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "ACARS" "MDCRS" "AIRCRAFT" "TAMDAR" "AMDAR" "WVSS" received at GSD on 05/28/21


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Chicago/Romeoville, IL
929 PM CDT Thu May 27 2021 .UPDATE... 928 PM CDT Main updates this evening were to generally reduce precipitation and thunder chances. Regional AMDAR and evening RAOB soundings indicate some degree of mid-level drying has taken place over the last several hours, and that the most cohesive wing of warm advection has now shifted across Wisconsin and into Michigan. Showers and some thunderstorms have been gradually developing over the last 1-2 hours or so farther to our south and west where surface convergence has been maximized, but extrapolating this activity out and noting the main MUCAPE axis remains focused more into central Illinois, have continued to trim and relegate thunder chances well south of I-80 for the rest of the evening and overnight hours. Imagine we`ll see some uptick in shower activity later tonight as the parent shortwave approaches, however. Incoming guidance also supports a threat for some embedded thunderstorms tomorrow afternoon as showers expand in coverage as our mid-level temperatures cool and forcing for ascent increases. Carlaw && .SHORT TERM... 320 PM CDT Through Friday night... A March-like next 36 hours is in store, with a positively miserable Friday and an unseasonably chilly Friday night. Forecast concerns include shower and embedded thunderstorm trends through this evening, then shower trends through Friday evening. Low temperatures on Friday night were also a focus, with some patches of frost even possible in interior northern Illinois west of the Fox Valley. Don`t despair about the ugly forecast details though, the weather will be much improved over the Memorial Day holiday weekend. The strong-severe threat in the southern CWA ended up staying just south of our southern counties, with just some isolated embedded thunder over the next few hours south of the Kankakee River. To the north of that, light rain showers will exit east as the 700 mb short-wave exits east, leaving temporary subsidence in its wake. Shower coverage will then uptick this evening as warm advection and isentropic ascent ramp up in advance of the next stronger mid-level trough axis. At the surface, marine air mass will sharpen and force warm front to the south as weak surface low tracks across central IL into central IN. While the warm sector will still be in the vicinity of the far southern CWA into this evening, think that the air mass is sufficiently worked over behind the MCS to preclude a renewed strong/severe t-storm threat. Steepening mid-level lapse rates amidst strong WAA regime will support best chance for embedded scattered thunder up to or just north of the I-90 corridor later this evening. Through this time well north of the surface low, strong and gusty northeast winds with gusts up to 30-35 mph inland and up to 40 mph near the lake will persist. As temperatures gradually fall into the upper 40s to lower 50s, these winds will only add to the chill. On Friday March I mean May 28th, unseasonably deep upper trough will temporarily close off over the region, reinvigorating scattered to numerous/widespread showers after any break in the morning. Temperatures will likely fail to reach 50 for most spots north of I-80 and struggle into the lower to mid 50s south (upper 50s far south). To note, the record low max for Chicago for 5/28 is 47 degrees set in 1884 and in Rockford, the record is 46 degrees set in 1906. Normal highs for the date are in the 70s area wide. Clouds, showers, and northeast winds gusting to 30-35 mph will only worsen the unseasonable chill. The deformation rain/showers will gradually wind down and exit southeast Friday evening into the early overnight as the mid-upper low mercifully stays progressive and shifts off to our southeast. As expansive cool high pressure builds in overnight, clearing skies and the chilly starting point will set the stage for lows in the upper 30s to lower and mid 40s. Locally mid 30s are forecast in favored cool spots over interior northern Illinois, where patchy frost formation is possible. We continue to hold off on any lakeshore flood headlines given the noteworthy drop in lake levels since this time last year. However, with large waves along the shore, Beach Hazards statements remain in effect and we recommend avoiding the immediate lakeshore. Expect overwash of the high wave action, which could easily sweep unsuspecting onlookers into life-threatening conditions. Castro && .LONG TERM... 342 AM CDT Saturday through Thursday... In spite of temperatures starting off on the cool side, the holiday weekend will feature fairly nice conditions, with warming temperatures, light winds, and mostly sunny to partly cloudy skies. Highs Saturday will top off in the mid to upper 60s followed by the low to mid 70s Sunday and Monday. It will not quite be swimming weather with cold water temperatures, and the onshore winds and daily lake breezes will hold lakeshore locations some 5-10 degrees cooler each afternoon. Surface high pressure will shift east of the area Monday. Therefore a gradual warming trend will continue into the workweek with highs in the mid 70s and continued light winds. Ensemble model guidance suggests the next chance for precipitation may arrive sometime in the middle of next week, with several periods of showers possible an upper low glides on through, though spread is high on the timing and coverage of precipitation. Therefore we have several chance of shower periods in the extended forecast. KMD && .AVIATION... For the 00Z TAFs... Aviation weather concerns this period consist of: * Timing the development of MVFR cigs this evening. Pockets of IFR are possible. * Periodic shower potential tonight with a low (but non-zero) threat for a few rumbles of thunder. * Increasingly gusty northeast winds tonight through Friday. * Timing another round of showers and possible thunder Friday afternoon. Regional radar mosaics have gone mostly quiet across the immediate area, but the expectation is for additional scattered showers to develop this evening across the Chicago-area terminals. Coverage is expected to be warranting of TEMPOs over prevailing groups given the latest observations and short term model guidance. In addition, have pushed back the development of MVFR cigs until later this evening. While patches of IFR cigs are plausible, especially very late tonight and into Friday morning near the lake, confidence in these occurring at ORD/MDW/DPA are too low to mention explicitly in the TAFs at this time, however. Finally, the main signal for lightning tonight appears to be generally south of the C90 TRACON, and as a result, have cautiously removed the inherited TEMPO -TSRA groups. There may be a break in the more appreciable precipitation chances mid-late morning Friday before they increase once again in the early-afternoon hours. Instability will also increase aloft during this time, and some occasional thunder can`t be ruled out, mainly during the 19z-23z timeframe Friday afternoon. Probabilities for thunder are too low (<25%) at this time to justify a VCTS or PROB30 mention, but we`ll continue to monitor guidance for a potential inclusion in future TAF issuances if confidence increases. Northeast wind gusts will increase with time this evening and overnight, and periodic gusts into the 30-35 kt range late tonight through Friday morning before gradually easing during the afternoon and evening hours. Carlaw && .MARINE... 357 PM CDT A Gale Warning is now in effect for Illinois nearshore waters through 7 PM CDT Friday evening. At least occasional northeasterly gales are likely to develop during this time as a deepening low pressure system tracks just south of Lake Michigan, with the favored timing for the strongest and most frequent gales coming on Friday afternoon. Waves will build this evening, and occasional waves well in excess of 10 ft may be seen as early as 8 PM CDT tonight. Farther south along the Indiana nearshore waters, a Small Craft Advisory remains in effect until 10 AM CDT Friday morning. A Gale Watch will go into effect at this time and continue until 9 PM CDT Friday evening. With the fetch of Indiana nearshore winds over Lake Michigan not being quite as long as the fetch for the winds impacting the Illinois nearshore, peak wind gusts and peak wave heights will not be as high along the Indiana nearshore. However, peak gusts will likely be in the 30-35 kt range and waves could still occasionally peak above 10 ft through Friday evening. Ogorek && .LOT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IL...Beach Hazards Statement...ILZ006-ILZ103-ILZ104 until 9 PM Saturday. IN...Beach Hazards Statement...INZ001-INZ002 until 9 PM Saturday. LM...Gale Warning...IL nearshore waters until 7 PM Friday. Gale Watch...LMZ743-LMZ744-LMZ745...10 AM Friday to 9 PM Friday. Small Craft Advisory...IN nearshore waters until 10 AM Friday. && $$ Visit us at weather.gov/chicago Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube at: www.facebook.com/NWSChicago www.twitter.com/NWSChicago www.youtube.com/NWSChicago
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Phoenix AZ
451 PM MST Thu May 27 2021 .UPDATE... Updated 00Z aviation discussion. && .SYNOPSIS... Expect mostly clear skies the next several days along with seasonably warm high temperatures. A warming trend by the middle of next week will support the warmest highs by next Thursday of 103-104 degrees for Phoenix. A slight chance of thunderstorms or dry lightning is also possible, mainly for high-terrain areas east of Globe for the first half of next week. Also some occasional seasonably breezy conditions are likely but no area-wide strong wind events are expected. && .DISCUSSION... Regional upper air RAP and mesoscale analysis reveals dry westerly flow aloft as well as a weak UL trough and PVA anomaly leaving the area to the east with an upstream split-flow pattern over the W US. There was also a shortwave trough entering the PAC NW and a progressive ridge crossing the N Rockies. Early afternoon METSAT also revealed clear skies across the region with CU developing over the higher terrain north of the area. WV imagery and ACARs soundings also confirmed a swath of drier air crossing the region. A warming trend will continue today with highs topping out in Phoenix several degrees above yesterday`s high in the upper 90s to 100. Today could also mark the first day in a week with above or equal to normal highs at Sky Harbor. The normal high for today is 99 degrees. The hot and dry forecast for the Memorial Day Holiday weekend remains on track with seasonably warm temperatures running slightly above normal through the middle of next week. Models agree on dry westerly flow with flattened ridging into saturday, followed by a weak mostly-dry positively tilted low pressure system developing over the northern GOC just SW of the region from Sunday into Monday. As a result expect highs in a fairly narrow range through the period. Highs will climb to near 100-103 degrees for Saturday with the weak low allowing for very slight cooling with highs near 99-101 for Sunday and Memorial day. By Tuesday the Clusters analysis agrees on building a strong ridge of high pressure over the W-Cent to NW US with the weak low moving very little as it fills and weakens over NW MX/N Baja/N GOC. They also support more pronounced building and strengthening of the ridge over the W US with only a very slight chance of isolated high-base thunderstorms for the first half of next week, mainly over the high terrain areas of N-E-SE AZ. As a result temperatures could possibly climb to near 103-104 degrees for Phoenix by midweek and 104-107 out west. The pattern suggests that if the heat were to get more intense it would occur mid-late next week when the weakness aloft/weak upper trough/lower heights exits or fills, and with increased upper ridging building in from the northwest becoming the dominant feature. Currently, periods of patchy moderate heat risk developing and expanding are favored and will require close monitoring. && .AVIATION...Updated at 2351Z. South-Central Arizona including KPHX, KIWA, KSDL, and KDVT; Southeast California/Southwest Arizona including KIPL and KBLH: Minimal aviation impacts are expected through Friday across the entire region as diurnal winds persist under clear skies and zonal flow aloft. Westerly 5-10 knot winds at the Phoenix terminals will become light and variable later this evening. Easterly winds return between 06-10Z before veering to westerlies between 18-19Z on Friday. Southerly to westerly 5-15 knot winds will generally persist across southeast California and southeast Arizona. Brief 15-20 knot gusts will occur at KBLH for through 02Z and again on Friday afternoon. Downsloping westerlies this evening may also lead to brief gusts in excess of 15 knots at KIPL as well. && .FIRE WEATHER... Sunday through Thursday: Weak upper level troughing will settle in over the region during the forecast period with high pressure increasing by Wed. Max RH values go from 25-40% early in the week to 20-30% by Thu. Min RH values increase as well but remain below 15% (even single digits for a lot of areas). Max Ts will be seasonable although slightly above normal with the warmest day being Thursday with highs 102-107 lower deserts (2-5 degree increase from Saturday). There will be some day to day fluctuation in afternoon breeziness with Thursday perhaps being a bit breezier than some of the other days. Overall though, no strong wind events are anticipated. && .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotters should follow standard reporting procedures. && .PSR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AZ...None. CA...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Sawtelle AVIATION...Hopper FIRE WEATHER...Sawtelle/AJ