Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "ACARS" "MDCRS" "AIRCRAFT" "TAMDAR" "AMDAR" "WVSS" received at GSD on 01/18/20


Area Forecast Discussion...Updated
National Weather Service Saint Louis MO
830 PM CST Fri Jan 17 2020 .UPDATE... Issued at 827 PM CST Fri Jan 17 2020 Surface temperatures have been inching upward so far this evening. The latest obs from 02z show locations at freezing are become less uniformly distributed along and south of I-70 and temps range from 32-35F. A recent AMDAR sounding into KSTL at 0150z is also showing a warming environment with a 7 kft deep elevated warm layer, peak warm layer temperature near 7degC, and a shallow and shrinking surface-based cold layer less than 2 kft deep. These thermodynamic profiles would suggest a rather inefficient freezing rain/icing scenario. Locally at the WFO there has been little if any ice accretion since 22z. With this in mind and given the trends of increasing surface and low level temperatures this evening, I plan to let the southern-most winter weather advisory expire on target at 900 pm. This is fully realizing there may be spots within this expiring advisory still at that hour at 32F however with the expectation it will be short- lived and impactful ice accretion is done. The northern winter weather advisory for northeast MO and west-central IL still looks on target to expire at 06z as warmer air advances northward. Even within this region temperatures are warming with current temps of 31-32F, and conditions for ice accretion are becoming less favorable and becoming largely confined to elevated surfaces. This northern area is also where we continue to see the greatest impacts - both hazardous travel and scattered power outages. Glass && .SHORT TERM... (Through Late Saturday Night) Issued at 330 PM CST Fri Jan 17 2020 This afternoon, the strong storm system of interest was centered over southern Colorado with a lesser storm system over northern Idaho. Flow aloft was from the southwest over our region with several upper level disturbances being thrown our way in a broadscale WAA regime. These disturbances have resulted in the outbreak of widespread precipitation, whose backedge is now moving through far western Missouri. At the surface, a warm front was laid out across far southern Missouri and into western Kentucky, with temperatures surging into the 40s and winds from the south. For areas to the north of it, including the entirety of the forecast area, temperatures were hanging tough in the upper 20s and lower 30s, fueled by cold and dry air originating from a 1045mb high pressure centered over the eastern Great Lakes thanks to winds from the east-southeast. Precipitation types at this point have transitioned to all liquid across the forecast area, with only the 32F surface isotherm delineating freezing rain from rain. The TROF axis of the strong storm system is not expected to pass through until Saturday morning, a slight slowdown from what was exhibited 24 hours ago. This will end precipitation with its passage, but due to this slowdown will effectively maintain a limited precipitation threat into Saturday morning for some areas. Fortunately, at this point, much of the precipitation looks to be all rain. In the meantime, airmasses will be on the move this evening, with the cold high pressure to our east accelerating away, allowing the warm front and approach of a surface wave to push it north more quickly: to just south of I-70 around 00z/Sat and north of the forecast area by 06z/Sat. This will result in surface temps warming above freezing and into the upper 30s and 40s at one point, ending the freezing rain threat and melting any existing ice shortly thereafter. As a result, we feel confident enough to expire the Winter Weather Advisory by 9pm for areas near and south of I-70 and maintain the existing midnight expiration for areas to the north. The flooding threat continues for potential for widespread nuisance/minor flooding for much of the forecast area with a widespread one inch of precipitation forecast with isolated approaching two inches. If thunder materializes this evening, it will give more merit to the two inch potential. Dry weather is then expected after Saturday morning, but still plenty of things going on. A strong surface cold front will make its push through our region late tonight and Saturday morning followed by strong CAA. Max temps are expected to be hit early with a steady fall through the day into the teens and 20s. Wind chills are expected to be in the single digits and teens thanks to strong west winds gusting to 35-40mph at times. The temperature fall continues into Saturday night with min temps in the single digits and teens expected with diminishing winds. Nevertheless, wind chills approaching 10 below are expected for portions of northeast MO and west-central IL. TES .LONG TERM... (Sunday through Next Friday) Issued at 330 PM CST Fri Jan 17 2020 Very cold conditions will continue for Sunday and Sunday night with northwest upper level flow, and as a strong 1040-1045 mb surface high centered over the northern Plains drops slowly southeastward into our area. Highs on Sunday will be about 15 to 20 degrees below normal. Although wind speeds will be decreasing Sunday night the wind chills will be quite low due to the very cold low temperatures forecast for Sunday night. The wind chills may be as cold as 10 to 15 below zero across parts of northeast MO and west central IL late Sunday night and early Monday morning. A northwest flow shortwave will drop southward through our area on Monday. At this time it appears that the lower levels of the atmosphere will likely be too dry for any measurable snow associated with this feature. Will begin to see the start of a warming trend by Tuesday afternoon due to rising upper level heights, and as the surface wind becomes southerly as the slow moving surface ridge finally shifts east of our area. Increasing low-mid level warm air advection along with southwest flow shortwaves will result in a chance of precipitation across northeast and central MO on Wednesday. The chance of precipitation will gradually increase and shift eastward through the entire forecast area by Thursday as a deepening upper level trough/low approaches from the Plains. The chance of precipitation continues through Friday as the upper level low and associated surface low move eastward through our area. The operational GFS model is further north with the track of the upper level and surface low which would favor a precipitation type of mainly liquid rain, but the ECMWF model is further south with the low which could lead to a wintry mix. GKS && .AVIATION... (For the 00z TAFs through 00z Saturday Evening) Issued at 531 PM CST Fri Jan 17 2020 Flight conditions will continue to deteriorate from west to east across the area this evening as CIGS lower to IFR and rain persists. The freezing rain should end at KCOU and the St. Louis metro terminals by 02z as temperatures rise above freezing. Freezing rain will continue longer into the evening at KUIN with temperatures not rising above freezing until around 05z. In addition to the rain and poor flight conditions expected tonight, an intensifying southerly LLJ will result in LLWS conditions overnight. The rain is expected to have moved east of all the terminals by 12-14z as a cold front drives across the region. The cold front will result in west-northwest surface winds gusting 25-30 kts and flight conditions improving to MVFR. SPECIFICS FOR KSTL: Flight conditions will continue to deteriorate this evening as CIGS lower to MVFR and then IFR, accompanied by persistent rain. The freezing rain should end by 02z as temperatures rise above freezing. In addition to the rain and poor flight conditions expected tonight, an intensifying southerly LLJ will result in LLWS conditions overnight. The rain is expected to have moved east of the terminals by 12-14z as a cold front drives across the region. The cold front will result in west-northwest surface winds gusting 25-30 kts and flight conditions improving to MVFR. Glass && .LSX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MO...Flood Watch until 6 AM CST Saturday for Audrain MO-Boone MO- Callaway MO-Cole MO-Crawford MO-Franklin MO-Gasconade MO- Iron MO-Jefferson MO-Lincoln MO-Madison MO-Moniteau MO- Montgomery MO-Osage MO-Pike MO-Reynolds MO-Saint Charles MO- Saint Francois MO-Saint Louis City MO-Saint Louis MO-Sainte Genevieve MO-Warren MO-Washington MO. Winter Weather Advisory until 9 PM CST this evening for Boone MO- Callaway MO-Cole MO-Crawford MO-Franklin MO-Gasconade MO- Iron MO-Jefferson MO-Madison MO-Moniteau MO-Montgomery MO- Osage MO-Reynolds MO-Saint Charles MO-Saint Francois MO- Saint Louis City MO-Saint Louis MO-Sainte Genevieve MO- Warren MO-Washington MO. Winter Weather Advisory until midnight CST tonight for Audrain MO-Knox MO-Lewis MO-Lincoln MO-Marion MO-Monroe MO-Pike MO- Ralls MO-Shelby MO. IL...Flood Watch until 6 AM CST Saturday for Bond IL-Calhoun IL- Clinton IL-Fayette IL-Greene IL-Jersey IL-Macoupin IL- Madison IL-Marion IL-Monroe IL-Montgomery IL-Pike IL- Randolph IL-Saint Clair IL-Washington IL. Winter Weather Advisory until 9 PM CST this evening for Bond IL- Clinton IL-Fayette IL-Madison IL-Marion IL-Monroe IL- Randolph IL-Saint Clair IL-Washington IL. Winter Weather Advisory until midnight CST tonight for Adams IL- Brown IL-Calhoun IL-Greene IL-Jersey IL-Macoupin IL- Montgomery IL-Pike IL. && $$ WFO LSX