Forecast Discussions mentioning any of
"ACARS" "MDCRS" "AIRCRAFT" "TAMDAR" "AMDAR" "WVSS" received at GSD on 11/22/19
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Burlington VT
846 PM EST Thu Nov 21 2019
.SYNOPSIS...
Changeable weather is expected over the next two day
across the North Country. An upper level trough of low pressure and
its associated cold front will bring some rain and snow showers to
the region tonight along with the potential for some very light
freezing rain east of the Green Mountains. As the cold front moves
across the area on Friday expect gusty winds southwest to west
winds. In addition...rain showers will be changing over to snow
showers late in the day Friday before coming to an end Friday
evening. High pressure builds in for late Friday night and Saturday
bringing drier weather to the area along with slightly below normal
temperatures.pitation to the region on Sunday, in the form of
rain and wet snow.
&&
.NEAR TERM /THROUGH FRIDAY NIGHT/...
As of 846 PM EST Thursday...Modest updates to tonight`s
forecast, mainly to increase probabilities of light freezing
rain and associated light icing potential in sheltered valleys
of the eastern Adirondacks and the eastern half of Vermont.
Latest observational data show much of this area has dropped to
near or below freezing this evening as temperatures have fallen
in advance of thicker cloud cover and warm advection-driven
light pcpn advancing east from the eastern Great Lakes. Thermal
profiles from latest model guidance and recent ACARS data from
Pierre-Trudeau Intl in Montreal show a pronounced warm layer
developing in the mid levels as strengthening southwesterly flow
in the 925-850 mb layer advects into the forecast area. As
such, any precipitation that does fall in these areas should
occur as light freezing rain, at least for a few hours. Based
off latest guidance and obserations out to our west overall QPF
should remain light and generally less than a tenth of an inch
through sunrise Friday. That said, some light icing concerns on
the order of a few hundredths will certainly be possible in
these areas and have issued Special Weather Statement to cover
this potential. Areas in the Champlain and St. Lawrence Valleys
should largely stay warm enought to preclude any light icing
threat. PoPs were derived from a blend of latest HRRR and HRRR-X
data with hourly temperatures trends through 12 UTC Friday a
blend of most recent LAMP and bias-corrected LAMP output which
has the best handle on the current situation. Have a great
evening.
Prior discussion...
Expect quite a few changes with the weather over the next 36
hours. Increasing clouds tonight and warm air advection will
limit the amount of cooling over the area tonight...with lows
likely being in the evening hours and then slowly rising
overnight. This should help to limit the freezing rain potential
as low level temperatures to support freezing rain will only
exist for a very short time east of the Green Mountains in
Vermont. Plus the amount of precipitation expected overnight
where the thermal profile supports freezing rain will be
limited. As a result...can see a trace to maybe 0.01 inches over
parts of north central and northeast Vermont. Meanwhile the
remainder of the area would experience rain or snow showers with
any snow accumulations less than an inch.
A cold front will be moving across northern New York during the late
morning hours and across Vermont in the afternoon. Mixing will take
place with this front and wind gusts in the 25 to 35 mph range can
be expected with temperatures gradually falling behind the front.
Temperatures will be warm enough for precipitation to mainly be
in the form of rain showers...but change to snow showers later
in the day. Snow squall parameter suggests there could be a
convective element to the showers Friday afternoon...but
temperatures should be warm enough for precipitation to be more
rain showers than snow showers. Nevertheless...best chance for
these convective showers will be from the Champlain Valley
eastward Friday afternoon.
Precipitation quickly comes to an end Friday night as the cold front
moves east of the region and high pressure builds in. Lows Friday
night will be in the mid teens to mid 20s with winds gradually
tapering off and clouds slowly decreasing in areal coverage.ield
gusty surface winds of 25-35 mph during Friday afternoon.
&&
.SHORT TERM /SATURDAY THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT/...
As of 248 PM EST Thursday...Saturday will be dry over the area as
large-scale ridging builds in. Post-frontal clearing will allow
for partly to mostly sunny skies during the daytime hours. 850
mb temps will start off cold behind the front Saturday morning
(generally -6 to -7 deg C), but warm air advection will develop
during the day. By Saturday night, 850 temps will have risen to
near 0 deg C. In terms of sensible weather, this means a chilly
morning with improvement throughout the day as temps top out in
the mid to upper 30s. Clouds will begin to increase Saturday
evening through Saturday night as a coastal low pressure system
rides up the Mid Atlantic Coast. Overnight lows will be occur
early for most of the area, with near constant or slightly
rising temperatures forecast through the night. Lows will be in
the mid to upper 20s. The exception will be the Northeast
Kingdom of Vermont, where clouds will be later to arrive and
potential for radiational cooling is the greatest. This area
will reach lows in the upper teens to low 20s.
&&
.LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
As of 248 PM EST Thursday...Most challenging part of the long term
forecast continues to be a low pressure system that will track
from the Mid-Atlantic Coast to off the New England Coast Sunday.
Still a variety of solutions among the models as to the exact
track of the low, which makes for a difficult precipitation
forecast given that we`ll be on the northwestern periphery of
the system. The trend in the 12Z deterministic model suite for
both the NAM and the ECMWF has been to track the system further
south and east, while the CMC and the GFS are holding onto a
more coastal track that would result in more precipitation for
our area. Given the wide range of solutions on the track, it`s
difficult to go into specifics at this point on the storm. In
terms of impacts, driest solution (NAM) would keep any
precipitation associated with the system out of our forecast
area, while the most bullish, furthest west solutions (CMC and
GFS) would bring just a few inches of wrap-around snow to our
area. Given the fast-moving nature of the system (open wave
aloft), not concerned at this point for anything more than a few
inches of snow or rain/snow mix in Vermont/northern NY, but
will adjust forecast if anything changes. Best chances for
accumulations will be in southern Vermont and along western
slopes of the Greens. Can`t rule out some mixed precipitation
with the event either, but too early to have a handle of thermal
profiles with the uncertain track.
The system will exit the area Sunday night, followed by a dry start
to the work week with high pressure building in. The next chance
for widespread precipitation will be Wednesday as the next low
pressure system tracks through the area.
&&
.AVIATION /02Z FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/...
Through 00Z Saturday...A mix of mainly VFR/MVFR over the next 24
hours as low pressure and associated cold front cross the
region. Scattered shower activity associated with this feature
generally expected in the 00-18Z time frame, though uncertainty
in overall coverage warrants mainly VCSH in terminal forecasts
at this point. Main concern overnight through mid-morning Friday
will be southwesterly low level wind shear in the 35-50 kt range
at all terminals. During this period expect moderate to
occasionally robust mechanical turbulence on departures and
approaches. Surface winds mainly light southerly through 06Z,
increasing into the 10-18 kt range and trending gusty
to 25 kts thereafter, backing to west/northwesterly in the
18-00Z time frame behind frontal passage.
Outlook...
Friday Night: VFR. NO SIG WX.
Saturday: VFR. NO SIG WX.
Saturday Night: VFR. Slight chance SN.
Sunday: MVFR/IFR conditions possible. Chance SHSN, Chance SHRA.
Sunday Night: Mainly IFR, with areas MVFR possible. Chance SHSN.
Monday: Mainly MVFR, with local VFR possible. NO SIG WX.
Monday Night: VFR. NO SIG WX.
Tuesday: VFR. NO SIG WX.
&&
.MARINE...
South winds will be increasing this evening across Lake
Champlain with south winds of 15 to 25 knots expected along with
gusts to 30 knots at times. These conditions will continue
through midday on Friday...then a cold front moves through and
shifts winds to the west. Speeds will remain in the 15 to 25
knot range before slowly tapering off Friday night. Waves will
build to 3 to 5 feet causing rather choppy conditions...especially
over the northern portion of the lake later tonight through
Friday morning...then across the eastern part of the lake when
the winds shift to the west.
&&
.BTV WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
VT...None.
NY...None.
&&
$$
SYNOPSIS...Banacos
NEAR TERM...JMG/Evenson
SHORT TERM...Duell
LONG TERM...Duell
AVIATION...JMG
MARINE...Evenson
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Houston/Galveston TX
832 PM CST Thu Nov 21 2019
.NEAR TERM [Through Tonight]...
Overall the forecast looks on track with mainly just updates to
ongoing trends in rainfall chances and temperatures. Surface
analysis at 02Z had the cold front through the DFW Metroplex down
to Stephenville and then just north of San Angelo. Hi-res guidance
has initialized this frontal position pretty well and bring the
front into the area around 15Z Friday and then the Houston area
around 18Z or noon-ish Friday. Temps should drop behind the front
and we updated the forecast to reflect that temperature change.
Rain chances per hi-res guidance look to be lower than synoptic
models of GFS/ECMWF/CMC but not quite as low as one would suspect
because it looks like low rainfall amounts are a good possibility.
We noticed from a few evening AMDAR soundings from planes that
there is a pretty healthy cap in the 800-700mb layer. That will
have a hard time eroding. So we will be dealing with showers under
the cap. SPC does have the area in a marginal risk for severe but
think that risk is more east of the area per latest HREF guidance
(better instability/shear environment). Also think the cap will be
hard to break and thus limit thunderstorm threat.
Overpeck
&&
.PREV DISCUSSION /Issued 536 PM CST Thu Nov 21 2019/...
.SHORT TERM (Tonight through Friday)...
A cold front extended from about Tulsa to Abilene to Hobbs. The
front will move slowly S-SE tonight and Friday. A weak disturbance
coupled with weak WAA will allow for some light showers tonight.
A tight pressure gradient will relax tonight and winds will
subside but not completely decouple and combined with expected
cloud cover and high dew points will keep low temperatures quite
warm overnight. Convergence along the slow moving front will allow
for showers to increase in coverage on Friday. Fcst soundings
show some capping which should erode Friday morning. SPC has
placed the northern and eastern half of the CWA is a Marginal Risk
for severe storms. CAPE values are progged to reach 1000 J/Kg but
lapse rates don`t look terribly steep and jet dynamics look weak
so the severe threat looks rather meager at this time. There is
some mid level shear which may boost the severe potential a bit
but the overall threat seems minimal. The front should cross KCLL
around 11 AM, reaching the Houston area around 4 PM and the coast
between 7 and 9 PM. Winds will become northwest and temperatures
will fall in the wake of the front. High temperatures are dependent
on any breaks in the cloud cover and the southern half of the CWA
could again reach 80 degrees ahead of the front. 43
.LONG TERM (Friday night through Thursday)...
The extended period starts off with weak cold air advection
behind tomorrow`s cold frontal passage. If the models are any
indication of evening convective activity it will be very tame
with only rain (showers) and embedded ordinary thunderstorms
passing across the far southeastern forecast area / points across
the northwestern Gulf. The associated upper low will take a zonal
path due east and ultimately position the best upper level (jet)
forcing across northeastern Texas. Skies will clear from northwest
to southeast through Saturday morning, minimum temperatures will
be in the interior average middle to upper 40s (few far northerly
spots will fall into the lower 40s) with middle 50s along the
immediate coast.
Weekend weather can only be described by one adjective; pleasant.
Surface high pressure envelops east state and weakens northerly
winds through the first part of Saturday. Other than some feathery
cirrus, expect mainly clear skies and chilly mornings in the 40s
with both days warming up in the average lower to middle 60s.
General weak Plains 5H toughing early Thanksgiving Week will be
replaced by weak ridging per a deepening Pacific Northwest trough.
This will initiate a column-wide unidirectional west-southwest
flow pattern across Texas. Lower level onshore flow returns by
Sunday night into Monday morning and strengthens downstream of
the next frontal boundary scheduled to pass through on Tuesday.
Both the GFS20, GEFS and Euro solutions pass a progressive, yet
very weak, cold front off the coast by midnight Wednesday while
the Canadian shows no signs of this occurring and maintains a
stout onshore flow. Grids currently reflect the majority consensus
of a weak Tuesday cold frontal passage. The positioning of a
Gulf-centered upper ridge will ultimately determine Thanksgiving
Day weather. In tandem with the West Coast trough, southwesterly
flow between the two features guarantees above normal warmth and
an uptick in humidity; slight rain chances per northeasterly-
traveling weak ripples caught up in the SW`erly steering flow
along the eastern leg of the western trough. A mostly overcast
Thanksgiving with slight to low end chances for showers; a mild
start in the 50s warming into the middle 70s. 31
.AVIATION [00Z TAF Issuance]...
Radar shows scattered rain showers and some drizzle in a line
across Southeast Texas, and that should continue this evening as
they move to the northeast across at least a couple of the
terminals. The front itself is farther back in Texas, and should
arrive in the northern part of the area tomorrow morning, and take
until tomorrow afternoon or early evening to push off the coast.
There will be a better chance of showers and perhaps even a
thunderstorm right along that front. Some guidance flirts with IFR
conditions in the wake of the front, but will optimistically hold
at MVFR for now. If current satellite trends hold as the front
pushes deeper into Texas, some high IFR may be needed in future
forecast cycles.
.MARINE...
The pressure gradient will remain moderately tight tonight and the
SCEC for the offshore waters has been extended to 12z Friday
morning. Winds will veer to SW on Friday afternoon and decrease as
the gradient relaxes in advance of a cold front. The front will
cross the coastal waters Friday night with a moderate to
occasionally strong offshore flow developing Friday night into
Saturday. A SCEC or SCA may be needed in the wake of the front.
Surface high pressure will settle over the area Saturday night and
Sunday and winds will relax as they gently veer to NE. Winds will
veer to onshore Sunday night into Monday as the surface high drifts
east of the region. Another cold front will cross the coastal
waters late Tuesday or Tuesday night. 43
&&
.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
College Station (CLL) 65 66 41 65 42 / 30 50 10 0 0
Houston (IAH) 69 77 46 66 46 / 60 60 20 0 0
Galveston (GLS) 68 78 53 65 54 / 50 70 30 0 0
&&
.HGX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
TX...None.
GM...SMALL CRAFT SHOULD EXERCISE CAUTION until 6 AM CST Friday for
the following zones: Waters from Freeport to Matagorda Ship
Channel TX from 20 to 60 NM...Waters from High Island to
Freeport TX from 20 to 60 NM.
&&
$$
NEAR TERM...Overpeck